The　objective　of　this　paper　is　to　test　the　effectiveness　of　speed　reduction　markings　(SRMs).　The　empirical　data　including　vehicle　operations　and　drivers＇　psychological　and　physical　reactions　were　collected　in　a　driving　simulator.　An　index　the　relative　speed　difference　was　developed　to　evaluate　the　effectiveness　of　speed　reduction　markings.　Researchers　analyzed　data　to　test　the　effectiveness　of　speed　reduction　markings　and　quantitatively　study　their　effects　and　the　deceleration　process.　Out　of　15　subjects,　there　were　1　(7%),　2　(13%),　and　7　(47%)　subjects　who　decelerated　while　driving　through　the　downhill　section　in　the　No　SRMs　scenario,　Longitudinal　SRMs　scenario　and　Transverse　SRMs　scenario,　respectively.　In　terms　of　speed　and　subjects＇　decelerating　maneuver,　the　results　of　the　analysis　of　variance　(ANOVA)　and　the　contrast　analysis　(S-N-K　method)　showed　that　transverse　speed　reduction　markings　(TSRMs)　could　significantly　influence　subjects＇　speed　choice　and　maneuver　(P　＜　0.05).　(C)　2013　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.