The　adsorption　characteristics　of　dissolved　aniline　onto　powdered　activated　carbon　(PAC)　and　the　subsequent　desorption　by　ultrasound　treatment　were　studied.　The　results　indicated　that　the　adsorption　followed　the　pseudo-second-order　model　and　the　Langmuir　model.　Acidic　conditions　were　not　conducive　to　the　adsorption　of　aniline.　The　desorption　efficiency　of　saturated　PAC　radiated　by　ultrasound　reached　a　maximum　of　24.35%　with　a　sonication　power　of　180　W　at　a　frequency　of　40　kHz,　and　a　pH　of　3　within　180　min　of　sonication　time.　The　addition　of　ethanol　produced　a　synergistic　effect　with　ultrasound,　effectively　improved　the　desorption　efficiency　to　83.88%.　Intermediates　of　aniline　that　were　formed　during　the　ultrasound　irradiation　were　analyzed　by　gas　chromatography-mass　spectrometry　and　this　identified　azobenzene　as　the　main　by-product.　Analysis　of　the　specific　surface　area,　pore　structure,　and　FTIR　spectra　of　PAC　indicated　that　more　cavitation　occurred　in　ethanol　than　in　water,　and　high-speed　microjets　and　high-pressure　microstreams　enlarged　the　mesopore　of　PAC.　In　general,　the　physical　attack　of　microjets　and　microstreams　played　an　active　role　in　the　desorption　of　aniline.