Ball　screws　are　the　indispensable　machine　tool　components　and,　as　such,　influence　the　positional　accuracy　of　machine　tools.　The　accuracy　stability　of　machine　tools　is　affected　by　thermal　deformation　of　ball　screws　resulting　from　the　increase　in　temperature.　Inspired　by　the　distinctive　artificial　muscle　heat　behavior,　a　bio-inspired　ball　screw　was　proposed.　The　proposed　ball　screw　was　based　on　the　inner-embedded　carbon　fiber-reinforced　plastic　(CFRP),　which　restrains　the　axial　expansion　through　the　thermal　contraction　of　CFRP.　Additionally,　a　thermal　conductor　was　mounted　between　the　screw　shaft　and　CFRP　to　improve　the　thermal　conduction　condition.　Furthermore,　both　the　simulation　analysis　and　comparative　experiments　were　carried　out　to　compare　the　bio-inspired　ball　screw　with　the　standard　one.　Two　working　conditions　were　considered　to　evaluate　the　effectiveness　of　the　novel　design,　primarily　in　terms　of　reducing　thermal　deformation.　Both　results　show　that　the　proposed　approach　is　effective　and　can　be　applied　to　reduce　the　thermal　deformation　of　ball　screws.