Portable　electronic　devices　(PEDs)　are　promising　information-exchange　platforms　for　real-time　responses.　Their　performance　is　becoming　more　and　more　sensitive　to　energy　consumption.　Rechargeable　batteries　are　the　primary　energy　source　of　PEDs　and　hold　the　key　to　guarantee　their　desired　performance　stability.　With　the　remarkable　progress　in　battery　technologies,　multifunctional　PEDs　have　constantly　been　emerging　to　meet　the　requests　of　our　daily　life　conveniently.　The　ongoing　surge　in　demand　for　high-performance　PEDs　inspires　the　relentless　pursuit　of　even　more　powerful　rechargeable　battery　systems　in　turn.　In　this　review,　we　present　how　battery　technologies　contribute　to　the　fast　rise　of　PEDs　in　the　last　decades.　First,　a　comprehensive　overview　of　historical　advances　in　PEDs　is　outlined.　Next,　four　types　of　representative　rechargeable　batteries　and　their　impacts　on　the　practical　development　of　PEDs　are　described　comprehensively.　The　development　trends　toward　a　new　generation　of　batteries　and　the　future　research　focuses　are　also　presented.