BackgroundChina　is　one　of　22　countries　with　a　high　tuberculosis　(TB)　burden　in　the　world.　Healthcare　workers　(HCWs)　have　a　high　risk　of　contracting　Mycobacterium　tuberculosis　infection　due　to　insufficient　infection　control　practices.　We　conducted　a　cross-sectional　study　to　explore　the　prevalence　of　TB　and　its　associated　risk　factors　among　HCWs　in　Chinese　TB　facilities.MethodsTwo　hundred　and　forty-one　TB　facilities　employing　a　total　of　9663　HCWs　were　selected　from　12　provinces　in　China　to　represent　healthcare　settings　at　the　provincial,　prefectural,　and　county　levels.　Structured　questionnaires　were　used　to　collect　information　on　TB　infection　control　practices　and　HCWs　in　those　facilities.　Data　was　double　entered　into　EpiData　3.1;　TB　prevalence　and　associated　risk　factors　were　analyzed　using　SPSS　21.0　with　bivariate　and　multivariate　regression　models.ResultsThe　results　showed　that　71　HCWs　had　been　diagnosed　with　TB,　accounting　for　a　prevalence　of　760/100　000.　The　multivariate　analysis　showed　that　associated　risk　factors　included　belonging　to　the　age　group　of　51　years　and　above　(aOR:　6.17,　95%　CI:　1.35-28.28),　being　a　nurse　(aOR　=3.09,　95%　CI:　1.15-8.32),　implementation　of　0-9　items　of　management　measures　(aOR　=2.57,　95%　CI:　1.37-4.80),　and　implementation　of　0-1　items　of　ventilation　measures　(aOR　=2.42,　95%　CI:　1.31-4.47).ConclusionThis　was　the　first　national　large　sampling　survey　on　TB　prevalence　among　HCWs　in　China.　It　was　found　that　the　implementation　of　TB　infection　control　practices　in　some　facilities　was　poor.　The　TB　prevalence　in　HCWs　was　higher　than　that　in　the　general　population.　Therefore,　TB　infection　control　practices　in　Chinese　medical　facilities　should　be　strengthened.