The　battery　pack　design　is　limited　by　manufacturing　cost　and　space　energy,　so　it　is　impossible　to　set　a　temperature　sensor　on　each　battery　and　accurately　determine　the　whole　battery　pack＇s　temperature　distribution　by　BMS　(Battery　Management　System).　However,　the　temperature　is　an　important　parameter　to　judge　the　security　features　of　the　battery.　The　finite　element　model　could　be　dedimensionalized　by　a　lumped　parameter　heat　transfer　model　to　meet　the　computational　capacity　of　BMS,　and　the　real-time　temperature　distribution　within　the　battery　module　could　be　calculated　and　the　thermal　runaway　location　could　be　predicted.　A　temperature　distribution　back-calculated　model　for　the　battery　module　based　on　three　measurement　points　was　established.　The　calculation　result　showed　that　if　only　the　temperature　term　was　input,　the　temperature　of　the　node　interval　without　the　heat　source　term　was　remarkably　accurate.　However,　the　temperature　distribution　results　in　the　node　interval　with　the　heat　source　term　meeting　a　vast　error.　After　taking　the　temperature　change　rate　into　account,　the　difference　between　the　calculated　result　and　the　actual　temperature　distribution　is　slight.　It　realizes　an　accurate　calculation　of　the　temperature　distribution.