To　complete　the　life　evaluation　of　ball　screw　in　a　short　time,　a　model　of　accelerated　life　testing　was　established　through　the　way　of　strengthening　load,　and　an　accelerated　life　test　design　and　reliability　analysis　method　with　single　sample,　double-stress　and　three　levels　was　proposed.　The　virtual　augmented　method　was　used　to　extend　the　failure　time　data　under　three　step　acceleration　double　stresses　equivalently　for　improving　the　accuracy　of　reliability　evaluation　of　ball　screw　in　the　case　of　single　sample　and　less　data.　Then,　the　parameters　of　Weibull　distribution　model　under　three　step　accelerated　double　stress　levels　were　estimated　by　least　square　method.　Finally,　the　life　of　the　ball　screw　under　normal　stress　level　was　calculated　according　to　the　acceleration　equation,　and　the　reliability　life　index　of　the　ball　screw　was　determined.　The　feasibility　of　evaluating　the　reliability　of　ball　screw　using　double-stress　accelerated　life　test　without　changing　the　failure　mechanism　was　verified　by　simulations,　which　can　improve　the　efficiency　of　ball　screw　life　assessment.　©　2022,　Editorial　Department　of　Journal　of　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　right　reserved.