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Author:

Li, Changwen (Li, Changwen.) | Cheng, Chih-Hong (Cheng, Chih-Hong.) | Sun, Tiantian (Sun, Tiantian.) | Chen, Yuhang (Chen, Yuhang.) | Yan, Rongjie (Yan, Rongjie.)

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EI Scopus

Abstract:

ComOpT is an open-source research tool for coverage-driven testing of autonomous driving systems, focusing on planning and control. Starting with (i) a meta-model characterizing discrete conditions to be considered and (ii) constraints specifying the impossibility of certain combinations, ComOpT first generates constraint-feasible abstract scenarios while maximally increasing the coverage of k-way combinatorial testing. Each abstract scenario can be viewed as a conceptual equivalence class, which is then instantiated into multiple concrete scenarios by (1) randomly picking one local map that fulfills the specified geographical condition, and (2) assigning all actors accordingly with parameters within the range. Finally, ComOpT evaluates each concrete scenario against a set of KPIs and performs local scenario variation via spawning a new agent that might lead to a collision at designated points. We use ComOpT to test the Apollo 6 autonomous driving software stack. ComOpT can generate highly diversified scenarios with limited test budgets while uncovering problematic situations such as inabilities to make simple right turns, uncomfortable accelerations, and dangerous driving patterns. ComOpT participated in the 2021 IEEE AI Autonomous Vehicle Testing Challenge and won first place among more than 110 contending teams. © 2022 IEEE.

Keyword:

Open source software Equivalence classes Software testing Autonomous vehicles Budget control Open systems

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Li, Changwen]State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Iscas, China
  • [ 2 ] [Li, Changwen]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
  • [ 3 ] [Cheng, Chih-Hong]Independent Contributor, Germany
  • [ 4 ] [Sun, Tiantian]Beijing University of Technology, China
  • [ 5 ] [Chen, Yuhang]Technology Center of Software Engineering, Iscas, China
  • [ 6 ] [Chen, Yuhang]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
  • [ 7 ] [Yan, Rongjie]State Key Laboratory of Computer Science, Iscas, China
  • [ 8 ] [Yan, Rongjie]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China

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ISSN: 1050-4729

Year: 2022

Page: 7738-7744

Language: English

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 0

SCOPUS Cited Count: 16

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 10

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