Each　part　of　rat　brain　structure　matures　at　different　stages,　in　which　the　grid　cells　develop　continuously　in　the　whole　infancy　and　mature　after　infancy.　Neurophysiological　studies　have　found　that　70%　of　environmental　information　is　collected　through　visual　pathway,　so　the　development　signals　of　grid　cells　should　also　be　mainly　from　the　visual　input.　Based　on　these,　this　paper　proposes　a　grid　cells　development　model　based　on　visual　drive.　The　visual　information　is　collected　by　the　robot　equipped　with　camera　as　the　driving　signal　to　stimulate　the　changes　of　grid　nodes,　so　that　the　grid　field　can　gradually　display　the　hexagonal　firing　field　throughout　the　whole　space.　The　experimental　results　confirm　that　the　model　can　show　the　changes　of　firing　characteristics　during　the　development　of　grid　cells,　which　lays　a　foundation　for　the　research　of　robot　environment　cognitive　model　based　on　rat　brain　structure.　©　2022　Inderscience　Enterprises　Ltd..　All　rights　reserved.