An　increasing　number　of　pile　foundation　with　large　diameter　are　utilized　in　civil　and　offshore　engineering　in　areas　of　active　seismicity.　This　paper　focuses　on　studying　the　effects　of　rocking　impedance　and　soil　shear　stress　of　the　free-field　on　the　horizontal　seismic　responses　of　pile　foundation.　A　substructure　model　in　frequency　domain　is　utilized　to　simulate　pile-soil　dynamic　interaction　during　horizontal　earthquakes.　The　soil　is　considered　as　viscoelastic　media　and　the　pile　considered　as　one-dimensional　(1D)　rod　modelled　by　Timoshenko　beam　theory.　First,　the　analytical　expressions　of　the　horizontal　and　rocking　impedances　for　an　end-bearing　pile　are　obtained.　Further,　the　earthquake　input　method　for　1D　finite　element　analysis　of　pile-soil　interaction　on　rigid　bedrock　during　horizontal　earthquakes　are　developed,　where　the　soil　shear　stress　of　the　free-field　is　considered.　Finally,　the　proposed　model　is　used　to　investigate　the　effects　of　rocking　impedance　and　soil　shear　stress　of　the　free-field　on　the　seismic　response　of　the　pile　with　different　soil　and　pile　parameters.　©　2022　Elsevier　Ltd