Studies　on　the　electric　bus　system　planning　problem　have　typically　focused　exclusively　on　either　the　deployment　of　charging　infrastructure　or　the　scheduling　of　charging　events;　few　have　examined　the　impact　of　charging　facility　deployment　on　charging　activities.　Considering　the　interdependence　of　system　design　and　operational　strategies,　this　study　proposes　a　two-phase　optimization　framework　for　charging　infrastructure　planning　and　charging　scheduling　for　battery　electric　bus　systems.　An　integrated　optimization　model　is　first　developed　to　simultaneously　optimize　charger　deployment,　on-board　battery　capacity,　and　charging　schedules.　A　charging　scheduling　model　is　further　proposed　and　a　rolling　horizon　approach　is　utilized　in　the　second　phase　to　optimize　the　real-time　charging　scheduling　of　electric　buses.　Compared　to　existing　electric　bus　system　planning　methods,　the　proposed　integrated　model　can　reduce　the　total　system　cost　by　19.5%.　In　addition,　compared　to　uncontrolled　charging,　the　proposed　rolling　horizon-based　charging　strategy　can　reduce　the　total　charging　cost　by　68.3%.　©　2022　Elsevier　Ltd