Programmed　death　1(PD-1)and　its　ligand　PD-L1　are　two　typical　immune　checkpoints.Antibody-based　immune　checkpoint　blockade(ICB)strategy　targeting　PD-1/PD-L1　achieved　a　significant　therapeutic　effect　on　cancer.However,due　to　the　impenetrability　of　antibody　drugs　and　the　occurrence　of　immune-related　adverse　events,only　a　minority　of　patients　benefit　from　this　treatment.Peptides　multimerization　has　been　widely　proved　to　be　an　effective　method　to　improve　receptor　binding　affinity　through　a　multivalent　synergistic　effect.In　this　study,we　report　a　novel　peptide-aggregation-induced　emission(AIE)hybrid　supramolecular　TAP,which　can　self-assemble　into　nanofibers　through　non-covalent　interactions　such　as　hydrogen　bonds,with　a　specific　nanomolar　affinity　to　PD-L1　in　vivo　and　in　vitro.Combined　with　near-infrared　agents,it　can　be　used　for　tumor　imaging　and　photothermal　therapy,which　enables　photothermal　ablation　of　cancer　cells　for　generating　tumor-associated　antigen(TAA)and　triggering　a　series　of　immunological　events.Collectively,our　work　suggests　that　synthetic　self-assembled　peptide　nanofibers　can　be　developed　as　attractive　platforms　for　active　photothermal　immunotherapies　against　cancer.