In　this　study,　nano　zero-valent　iron-reduced　graphene　oxide　(NZVI-rGO)　composites　were　synthesized　to　remove　2,4-dichlorophenol　(2,4-DCP)　as　an　efficient　adsorbent.　Scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM)　and　X-ray　diffraction　(XRD)　indicated　that　NZVI　particles　were　successfully　loaded　and　dispersed　uniformly　on　rGO　nanosheets.　Fourier　transform　infrared　spectroscopy　(FTIR)　analysis　showed　that　the　interaction　between　NZVI-rGO　and　2,4-DCP　promoted　the　adsorption　process.　A　three-level,　four-factor　Box-Behnken　design　(BBD)　of　the　response　surface　methodology　(RSM)　was　used　to　optimize　the　influencing　factors　including　NZVI-rGO　dosage,　2,4-DCP　initial　concentration,　reaction　time　and　initial　pH.　A　statistically　significant,　well-fitting　quadratic　regression　model　was　successfully　constructed　to　predict　2,4-DCP　removal　rate.　The　high　F　value　(15.95),　very　low　P　value　(＜0.0001),　nonsignificant　lack　of　fit,　and　appropriate　coefficient　of　determination　(R2=0.941)　demonstrate　a　good　correlation　between　the　experimental　and　predicted　values　of　the　proposed　model.　The　analyses　of　variance　reveal　that　NZVI-rGO　dosage　and　reaction　time　have　a　positive　effect　on　2,4-DCP　removal,　whereas　the　increase　of　contaminant　concentration　and　initial　pH　inhibit　the　removal,　whereas　the　effect　of　contaminant　concentration　and　initial　pH　is　in　reverse,　where　the　change　of　NZVI-rGO　dosage　has　the　greatest　effect.　The　optimum　condition　is1.215　g/L　of　NZVI-rGO　dosage,　20.856　mg/L　of　2,4-DCP　concentration,　4.115　of　pH,　and　8.157　min　of　reaction　time.　It　is　verified　by　parallel　experiments　under　the　optimum　condition,　achieving　the　removal　efficiency　of100%.