ZnMn2O4,　with　theoretical　specific　capacity　of　1008　mAh　g(-1),　is　a　promising　anode　material　for　lithium-ion　batteries.　It　attracts　intensive　research　interests　not　only　because　of　its　high　specific　capacity,　but　also　due　to　its　low　cost,　abundant　resources　and　environmental　friendliness.　However,　its　poor　reaction　kinetics,　low　intrinsic　electrical　conductivity　and　large　volume　changes　upon　cycling　impede　its　commercial　application.　In　this　work,　we　demonstrate　a　method　to　effectively　synthesize　a　three-dimensional,　layered　network　architecture　utilizing　reduced　graphene　oxide　(rGO)　and　cross-linked　carbon　nanotubes　(CNTs)　as　substrates　for　ZnMn2O4　nanoparticles.　The　ZnMn2O4　nanoparticles　are　grown　in-situ　on　the　surface　of　both　the　rGO　and　the　CNTs.　The　results　show　that　the　composite　samples　display　a　significantly　enhanced　electrochemical　performance　when　compared　with　their　pristine　counterparts.　In　particular,　the　ZnMn2O4-rGO/CNT　composite　anode　delivered　an　enhanced　capacity　of　606　mAh　g(-1)　at　1.0　A　g(-1)　after　1000　cycles　with　an　83%　capacity　retention.　The　synergistic　effect　between　the　rGO　and　the　CNTs　is　believed　to　be　the　reason　for　the　improved　performance.　In-situ　X-ray　diffraction　(XRD)　was　used　to　successfully　reveal　the　electrochemical　conversion　reaction　mechanism　of　the　new　ZnMn2O4　anode.　(C)　2020　Elsevier　Ltd.　All　rights　reserved.