Bone　mineralization　involves　the　deposition　of　inorganic　on　organic　matter　and　the　regulation　of　non-collagenous　proteins　expressed　by　functional　cells　in　bone　tissue,　is　a　fundamental　process　during　skeletal　growth,　remodeling,　and　regeneration.　Metal　elements　are　the　main　constitutive　elements　of　bone　minerals.　It　is　worth　noting　that　the　distribution　and　effects　of　metal　elements　depend　on　their　type　and　content　throughout　the　body,　suggesting　that　different　metal　elements　can　regulate　bone　mineralization　in　different　ways.　Various　metal　elements　can　directly　modify　calcium　phosphate　(Ca-phosphate)　formation　in　the　bone　matrix　through　ion　exchanging,　coating,　and　doping.　Additionally,　metal　elements　regulate　bone　mineralization　by　targeting　important　signaling　pathways,　protein　secretion,　and　the　expression　of　genes　involved　in　the　proliferation,　differentiation　and　migration　of　cells　involved　in　bone.　This　review　introduces　the　roles　of　metal　elements　commonly　found　in　nature　bone.　It　summarizes　recent　studies　on　the　prominent　role　of　Ca　element,　special　roles　of　divalent　metal　elements,　trivalent　metal　elements,　metal　elements　with　various　valences,　and　new　points　of　heavy　metal　elements　in　bone　mineralization.　We　also　discuss　potential　future　research　directions　on　the　roles　of　metal/non-metal　elements　and　their　interactions　in　bone　mineralization,　offering　the　basis　for　future　investigations　for　the　development　of　advanced　bone　substitute　materials　and　orthopedic　implants.　©　2023