Trustworthy　and　explainable　structural　health　monitoring　(SHM)　of　bridges　is　crucial　for　ensuring　the　safe　maintenance　and　operation　of　deficient　structures.　Unfortunately,　existing　SHM　methods　pose　various　challenges　that　interweave　cognitive,　technical,　and　decision-making　processes.　Recent　development　of　emerging　sensing　devices　and　technologies　enables　intelligent　acquisition　and　processing　of　massive　spatiotemporal　data.　However,　such　processes　always　involve　human-in-the-loop　(HITL),　which　introduces　redundancies　and　errors　that　lead　to　unreliable　SHM　and　service　safety　diagnosis　of　bridges.　Comprehending　human-cyber　(HC)　reliability　issues　during　SHM　processes　is　necessary　for　ensuring　the　reliable　SHM　of　bridges.　This　study　aims　at　synthesizing　studies　related　to　HC　reliability　for　supporting　the　trustworthy　and　explainable　SHM　of　bridges.　The　authors　use　a　bridge　inspection　case　to　lead　a　synthesis　of　studies　that　examined　techniques　relevant　to　the　identified　HC　reliability　issues.　This　synthesis　revealed　challenges　that　impede　the　industry　from　monitoring,　predicting,　and　controlling　HC　reliability　in　bridges.　In　conclusion,　a　research　road　map　was　provided　for　addressing　the　identified　challenges.