IntroductionAir　pollution　imposes　a　significant　burden　on　public　health.　Compared　with　the　popular　air　quality　index　(AQI),　the　air　quality　health　index　(AQHI)　provides　a　more　comprehensive　approach　to　measuring　mixtures　of　air　pollutants　and　is　suitable　for　overall　assessments　of　the　short-term　health　effects　of　such　mixtures.　MethodsWe　established　an　AQHI　and　cumulative　risk　index　(CRI)-AQHI　for　Tianjin　using　single-and　multi-pollutant　models,　respectively,　as　well　as　environmental,　meteorological,　and　daily　mortality　data　of　residents　in　Tianjin　between　2018　and　2020.　Results　and　discussionCompared　with　the　AQI,　the　AQHI　and　CRI-AQHI　established　herein　correlated　more　closely　with　the　exposure-response　relationships　of　the　total　mortality　effects　on　residents.　For　each　increase　in　the　interquartile　range　of　the　AQHI,　CRI-AQHI　and　AQI,　the　total　daily　mortality　rates　increased　by　2.06,　1.69　and　0.62%,　respectively.　The　AQHI　and　CRI-AQHI　predicted　daily　mortality　rate　of　residents　more　effectively　than　the　AQI,　and　the　correlations　of　AQHI　and　CRI-AQHI　with　health　were　similar.　Our　AQHI　of　Tianjin　was　used　to　establish　specific　(S)-AQHIs　for　different　disease　groups.　The　results　showed　that　all　measured　air　pollutants　had　the　greatest　impact　on　the　health　of　persons　with　chronic　respiratory　diseases,　followed　by　lung　cancer,　and　cardiovascular　and　cerebrovascular　diseases.　The　AQHI　of　Tianjin　established　in　this　study　was　accurate　and　dependable　for　assessing　short-term　health　risks　of　air　pollution　in　Tianjin,　and　the　established　S-AQHI　can　be　used　to　separately　assess　health　risks　among　different　disease　groups.