The　influencing　factors　of　the　performances　of　an　impact　buffering　made　of　the　composite　granular　chain　of　spheres　were　investigated　by　both　the　finite　element　analysis　and　experiments.　The　composite　granular　chain　was　prepared　by　inserting　an　adjustable　chain　into　a　one-dimensional　steel　granular　chain　of　spheres.　It　is　suggested　to　select　the　key　influencing　factor　as　lambda　=　(E-v/E-s(2/3)rho(v)/rho(s),　which　determined　the　features　of　output　impulses.　The　amplitude　ratios　of　primary　and　secondary　output　impulses　to　the　incident　impulse　of　highly　nonlinear　solitary　wave　(HNSW)　and　the　time　delay　between　the　primary　and　secondary　output　impulses　demonstrated　the　two-stage　dependencies　on　the　parameter　of　lambda.　The　two　stages　were　separated　from　each　other　by　the　case　of　lambda　=　=　1.　It　was　suggested　to　construct　an　impact　buffering　with　near-zero　lambda　in　order　to　minimize　the　amplitude　of　primary　output　impulse.　The　amplitude　attenuation　of　the　primary　output　impulse　in　the　adjustable　chain　followed　the　power　law　and　the　power　exponent　was　negatively　correlated　with　the　value　of　lambda.　As　for　a　composite　chain　with　a　given　parameter　of　lambda,　through　increasing　the　length　of　the　adjustable　chain,　the　amplitude　of　the　primary　output　impulse　could　be　decreased　in　order　to　improve　the　performance　of　impact　buffering.