A　method　was　proposed　to　analyze　the　influences　of　the　non⁃ideal　spectroscopic　performance　of　optical　components　and　orientation　errors　of　a　laser　tracing　measurement　optical　system　on　the　tracing　measurement　performance.　A　comprehensive　model　of　the　interference　fringe　contrast　based　on　the　laser　tracing　system＇s　measurement　principle　was　established　in　this　study.　Simulation　results　based　on　ZEMAX　verified　the　model.　According　to　the　simulation　results,　the　placement　angle　of　the　analyzer　had　a　direct　influence　on　the　interference　fringe　contrast.　When　the　angle　of　the　polarized　light　to　the　analyzer’　s　transmission　axis　increased　from　65°　to　85°,　each　contrast　of　the　four⁃way　interference　fringes　decreased　from　0.9996　to　0.3528,　the　interference　fringe　contrast　is　decreased　by　65%.　Under　the　split　ratio　of　beam　splitters　in　the　interference　part　(BS1)　of　5　∶　5,　when　the　splitting　ratio　of　BS2　changed　from　2　∶　8　to　8　∶　2,　the　fringe　contrast　of　the　interference　signals　received　by　the　photodetectors　increased,　but　the　injection　light　intensity　onto　the　PSD　reflected　by　BS2　decreased.　The　significant　influence　of　the　tracing　performance　was　verified　by　the　experiments.　When　splitting　ratio　of　BS2　increased,　the　contrast　of　the　interference　fringes　increased.　Due　to　the　weakening　of　the　incident　light　intensity　of　the　PSD　caused　by　the　change　of　BS2　splitting　ratio,　the　response　time　of　the　tracing　system　is　increased　by　23.　7　ms.　As　a　result,　the　tracing　performance　of　the　laser　tracing　measurement　optical　system　was　degraded.　An　important　theoretical　basis　was　provided　to　evaluate　and　improve　the　accuracy　and　reliability　of　laser　tracing　measurement　systems.　©　2023　Harbin　Institute　of　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.