As　the　offshore　engineering　industry　continued　to　develop,　issues　such　as　damage　to　storage　structures　due　to　liquid　shaking　became　increasingly　prevalent.　This　paper　explored　the　dynamic　response　of　liquid　within　a　rigid　cylindrical　water　tank　subjected　to　harmonic　excitation　through　vibration　table　tests,　analyses,　and　numerical　simulations.　Using　the　Laplace　equation　and　the　Bessel　function　of　the　first　kind,　the　analytical　formula　of　liquid　dynamic　response　was　derived.　A　numerical　model　was　established　by　ANSYS　software　to　verify　the　accuracy　of　the　analytical　solution.　At　the　same　time,　the　response　characteristics　of　hydrodynamic　pressure　and　liquid　level　wave　height　were　studied　by　vibration　table　tests.　In　this　experiment,　a　rigid　cylindrical　water　tank　with　varying　depths　of　liquid　was　subjected　to　harmonic　excitations　utilizing　a　vibration　table.　In　most　cases,　the　experimental　results　agreed　well　with　the　analytical　formula.　However,　under　conditions　of　relatively　severe　liquid　sloshing,　there　was　a　discrepancy　in　peak　values　between　the　experiment　and　the　analytical　formula.　The　experimental　data　indicated　that　both　the　hydrodynamic　pressure　and　liquid　level　wave　height　increase　with　an　increase　in　harmonic　excitation　frequency　and　amplitude.　©　2023　Tianjin　University　and　John　Wiley　&　Sons　Australia,　Ltd.