In　this　paper,　the　physical　model　of　the　coherent　polarization　beam　combination　(CPBC)　system　is　established　by　using　Jones-matrix　mathematics,　and　then　the　coherent-adding　mechanisms　between　the　sub-beams　in　temporal,　spatial　and　spectral　domains　are　analyzed.　The　intrinsic　relationship　between　optical-field　coherence　decay　and　beam　misalignment　is　established　from　temporal　domain　(optical-path　deviation,　phase-locking　residual),　spatial　domain　(beam-pointing　deviation,　spot-overlapping　deviation,　spot-width　error)　and　spectral　domain　(B-integral　imbalance,　dispersion　imbalance,　central-wavelength　drift,　spectrum-width　error)　respectively.　Furthermore,　the　dependence　between　the　combining　efficiency　and　the　individual　experimentally-measurable　misalignment　is　quantified　using　numerical　simulation,　and　the　error　tolerance　of　the　each　factor　is　calibrated　separately　for　efficient　combination,　which　provides　quantitative　guidance　for　the　practical　system.　The　results　of　this　paper　can　be　applied　to　the　analysis　of　cascade　extended　array　CPBC　system　after　proper　mathematical　extension.　In　addition,　this　study　also　provides　a　feasible　quantitative　analysis　method　for　the　degradation　of　optical-field　coherence　between　coherent　beams,　which　can　be　applied　to　other　research　fields　that　require　optical　coherence　management.　©　2021　SPIE.