Based　on　the　detection　of　silt　loadings　of　main　roads　in　Daxing　District　of　Beijing　from　2019　to　2020　and　the　road　dust　samples　of　PM10　and　PM2.5　for　the　whole　year　2020,　this　study　sought　to　investigate　the　variation　characteristics　of　long-term　road　dust　accumulation　by　systematically　analyzing　the　chemical　composition　and　establishing　the　composition　spectrum.　The　results　showed　that　the　annual　average　silt　loadings　of　Daxing　District　in　2019　and　2020　was　1.05g/m2　and　0.74g/m2,　respectively.　In　2020,　the　silt　loadings　in　Daxing　District　decreased　by　29.5%　compared　with　that　in　2019.　In　2019,　the　hot　spots　of　silt　loadings　were　scattered,　and　there　were　more　high　value　areas　of　silt　loadings　in　Daxing　District.　In　2020,　the　hot　spots　were　concentrated　in　the　northwest,　while　the　cold　spots　were　concentrated　in　the　East.　The　road　fugitive　dust　emission　factors　in　2020　in　Daxing　District　were　lower　than　those　in　2019　and　in　most　subdistricts/towns,　the　dust　emission　factors　and　emissions　in　2020　were　lower　than　those　in　2019,　showing　a　trend　of　the　southeast　＞　central　＞　northwest.　In　2020,　the　road　dust　emission　in　Daxing　District　was　lower　than　that　in　2019　and　the　dust　emission　in　subdistricts/towns　in　the　south　and　northwest　of　Daxing　District　was　higher　than　that　in　the　middle.　Influenced　by　construction　activities,　in　2020,　the　chemical　components　of　road　PM10　and　PM2.5　in　Daxing　District　were　dominated　by　elements　related　to　wind-blown　sand　and　construction　activities,　with　Ca,　Mg,　Si　and　Al　accounting　for　39.39%　and　41.71%,　respectively.For　the　targeted　control　of　the　silt　loadings　in　Daxing　District,　on　the　one　hand,　timely　washing　of　transport　vehicles　was　needed　to　reduce　the　dust　entrainment　amount　of　tires;　on　the　other　hand,　the　frequency　of　cleaning　of　roads　from　the　site　exit　to　the　nearby　1km　should　be　enhanced　to　reduce　the　radiation　effect　of　silt　loadings　at　the　exit　of　construction　site　on　surrounding　roads.　©　2021,　Editorial　Board　of　China　Environmental　Science.　All　right　reserved.