57　volatile　organic　pollutants　at　four　representative　background　stations,　namely,　Pangquangou,　Shennongjia,　Wuyishan　and　Changdao　in　China,　were　collected　using　SUMMA　Canisters　and　analyzed　by　GC-FID/MS　methods　during　summer　of　2019.　Concentration,　composition　and　diurnal　variation　characteristics　of　VOCs　were　discussed　and　the　PMF　model　was　used　to　identify　the　source　of　VOCs　and　its　ozone　formation　potential　(OFP).　The　results　showed　that　the　averaged　VOCs　concentration　at　Pangquangou,　Shennongjia,　Wuyishan　and　Changdao　background　sites　were　(23.06±8.14)×10-9,　(8.25±4.27)×10-9,　(7.95±11.31)　×10-9　and　(11.98±8.80)　×10-9,　respectively.　The　concentrations　of　alkane,　aromatics,　alkenes　and　alkynes　at　all　background　sites　but　Pangquangou　were　significantly　lower　than　that　in　urban　sites.　The　respective　proportions　of　alkane,　aromatics,　alkenes　in　background　sites　were　similar　with　that　in　urban　sites,　while　the　proportions　of　alkynes　at　background　sites　were　significantly　lower　than　that　in　urban　sites.　The　diurnal　variations　of　alkane　and　aromatics　at　background　sites　showed　a　pattern　of　declining　in　the　day　and　accumulating　at　night,　while　alkenes　reach　its　peak　concentration　at　09:00~15:00.　Source　apportionments　by　PMF　model　and　components　analysis　showed　that　the　VOCs　concentrations　and　OFP　at　four　background　sites　were　affected　significantly　by　anthropogenic　sources.　The　contribution　from　sources　of　gasoline　and　organic　solvents　evaporation,　usage　of　coating　material　and　automobile　exhaust　at　four　background　sites　ranged　from　39%　to　58%　of　VOCs　and　35%　to　58%　of　OFP.　Besides,　the　sources　related　to　fuel　combustions　contributed　18%　to　21%　of　VOCs　and　13%　of　OFP,　respectively.　Sources　from　plant　emission　processes　contributed　7%　to　17%　of　VOCs　and　8%　to　33%　of　OFP　at　4　background　sites,　which　were　higher　than　that　at　urban　sites.　©　2021,　Editorial　Board　of　China　Environmental　Science.　All　right　reserved.