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Abstract:
Benzene series (BTEX) are the main volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) emitted by coking industries. The current technical guidelines in China recommend the use of the Johnson-Ettinger (J&E) vapor intrusion model for the health risk assessment of VOCs respiratory exposure pathways. Although this model is simple and easy to use, it can provide conservative estimate in practical applications. On the other hand, research shows that this problem can be overcome to a certain extent by the J&E-Dual Equilibrium Desorption (J&E-DED) model. Based on the survey results of a coking plant in Hebei, this study selected about 30, 000 m2 of heavily polluted areas to carry out a special survey of benzene soil gas flux to conduct a refined risk assessment. The J&E-DED model and J&E model were compared with the measured soil gas volatilization flux. The results showed that based on the J&E model, J&E-DED model, and measured soil gas volatilization flux, the carcinogenic health risk of soil benzene in the research area exceeded 1.00×10-6, which is unacceptable carcinogenic risk to the human body. The calculated risk value of J&E-DED model was closer to the risk-based measured soil gas volatilization flux. It is worth noting that sandy site soil provided a relatively continuous free channel for the diffusion and migration of soil VOCs, resulting in a more even distribution of soil gas concentration and a risk in the entire polluted area of concern. When the J&E-DED model was used to assess the indoor respiratory exposure health risk of benzene, the sensitivity revealed that soil air volume ratio in the filled foundation cracks had the most significant impact on the results (190.6%). Whereas, soil water content-soil porosity and soil bulk density had the least impact. Other parameters also had obvious effects on the results. The research results show that under geological site conditions, the J&E-DED model has good applicability in predicting human health risks of benzene in the soil. In addition, it can overcome to some extent the problem of excessive conservatism found in the J&E model. © 2021, Editorial Board, Research of Environmental Sciences. All right reserved.
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Research of Environmental Sciences
ISSN: 1001-6929
Year: 2021
Issue: 5
Volume: 34
Page: 1223-1230
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 0
SCOPUS Cited Count: 9
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 11
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