Anaerobic　membrane　bioreactors　(AnMBRs)　have　been　widely　applied　for　wastewater　treatment　and　resource　recovery,　but　face　several　technical　challenges,　such　as　unstable　methane　(CH4)　production,　limited　contaminant　removal,　and　membrane　fouling.　Zero-valent　iron　(ZVI)　can　be　a　potential　additive　to　improve　AnMBRs　performance　by　regulating　anaerobic　reaction　conditions,　electron　transfer　modes　and　microbial　community　structure.　Thus,　this　review　critically　evaluated　the　role　of　ZVI　to　advance　AnMBRs　performance　for　wastewater　treatment　and　resource　recovery.　Key　physicochemical　characteristics　of　ZVI　were　analyzed　to　highlight　its　potential　for　AnMBRs　enhancement.　The　performance　of　ZVI　and　its　modification　to　assist　AnMBRs,　regarding　CH4　production,　contaminant　removal　and　membrane　fouling,　were　discussed.　Furthermore,　future　perspectives　to　the　development　of　ZVI-assisted　AnMBRs　toward　industrial　application　for　prac-tical　wastewater　treatment　and　resource　recovery　were　provided.