The　recovery　of　spent　lithium-ion　batteries　(LiBs)　has　critical　resource　and　environmental　benefits　for　the　promotion　of　electric　vehicles　under　carbon　neutrality.　However,　different　recovery　processes　will　cause　uncertain　impacts　especially　when　net-zero-carbon-emissions　technologies　are　included.　This　paper　investigates　the　pyrometallurgical　and　hydrometallurgical　recovery　processes　for　spent　ternary　LiBs　in　China　based　on　life　cycle　assessment　framework,　then　simulates　the　environmental　impacts　under　different　carbon　neutrality　scenarios,　in　which　the　decarbonization　of　electricity　generation,　the　reconstruction　of　industrial　processes,　and　the　promotion　of　hydrogen　are　considered.　Results　suggest　that　the　current　environmental　impacts　of　pyrometallurgical　recovery　process　is　greater　than　that　of　hydrometallurgical　recovery　process.　Abiotic　Depletion　Potentials　of　resources　and　fossil　fuels　(ADP　element,　ADP　fossil)　and　Human　Toxicity　Potentials　are　the　main　indicators　that　cause　these　differences.　Besides,　a　multi-scenarios　simulation　is　conducted　considering　the　innovation　of　carbon　neutral　technology　and　expansion　of　EVs　market.　It　is　found　that　the　improvement　in　energy　structure　and　industrial　processes　will　significantly　affect　the　environmental　performance　of　each　recovery　process.　The　pyrometallurgical　recovery　process　has　great　potentials　to　improve　environmental　benefits　with　net-zero　transition　of　energy　system.　[GRAPHICS]　.