Combining　tunnel　lining　ground　heat　exchangers　(GHEs)　and　phase　change　plates　(PCPs)　to　extract　and　store　the　geothermal　energy　is　a　novel　and　environment-friendly　energy　utilization　method,　and　then　PCPs　can　be　used　for　space　cooling.　However,　existing　investigations　have　not　focused　on　the　long-term　thermal　performances　of　PCPs　employing　tunnel　lining　GHEs　for　cool　storage.　In　the　present　work,　a　coupled　finite　element　model　of　tunnel　lining　GHEs　and　PCPs　was　built　to　study　long-term　operation　performances　of　PCPs　during　the　cold　energy　charging　operation　period.　Numerical　modeling　and　programming　(i.e.,　co-simulation)　were　employed　to　realize　the　continuous　cold　energy　charging　operation　mode　of　PCPs　employing　tunnel　lining　GHEs　for　cool　storage.　The　results　indicate　that　the　solidification　efficiency　(i.e.,　cold　energy　charging　efficiency)　of　PCPs　and　phase　interface　evolution　within　the　PCPs　under　the　long-term　cold　energy　charging　mode　are　affected　by　the　number　of　times　for　cool　storage　(N)　and　thermal　conductivity　of　the　surrounding　rock　(ksr)　compared　with　the　short-term　mode.　The　drop　rate　of　the　liquid　fraction　and　solidification　efficiency　of　PCPs　decrease　with　an　increase　in　the　number　of　times　for　cool　storage.　At　N　=　1,　there　is　no　obvious　difference　for　the　solidification　efficiency　of　PCPs　with　increasing　ksr.　The　solidification　efficiency　of　PCPs　under　N　=　10　improves　by　approximately　35.3%　as　ksr　rises　by　3　W/(m　K).　Additionally,　the　solidification　time　of　PCPs　increases　linearly　with　N　under　ksr　=　1.22　W/(m　K).　However,　the　solidification　time　is　related　parabolically　to　N　under　ksr　=　2.22,　3.22,　and　4.22　W/(m　K).　Finally,　the　long-term　thermal　response　of　the　surrounding　rock　is　analyzed,　which　also　verifies　the　heat　transfer　characteristics　of　PCPs　under　the　long-term　cold　energy　charging　mode.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd