Thioredoxin　reductase　(TrxR)　is　a　major　functional　protein　in　the　thioredoxin　system　(Trx)　and　plays　a　key　role　in　regulating　various　cellular　redox　signaling　pathways.　In　recent　years,　TrxR/　Trx　has　been　increasingly　recognized　as　an　important　regulator　of　tumor　development,　therefore,　targeting　TrxR/　Trx　is　a　promising　tumor　treatment　strategy.　In　this　paper,　the　structural　characteristics,　tumor-related　physiological　functions　and　inhibitors　of　TrxR　were　reviewed　to　provide　references　for　the　research　of　TrxR.　©　2024　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.