Conventional　optical　telescope　only　collect　the　amplitude　of　optical　wavefront　with　incoherent　light,　while　self-interference　incoherent　digital　holography　offers　a　unique　method　of　coding　both　the　optical　wavefront　amplitude　and　phase　information　by　interference　patterns.　We　developed　an　adaptive　non-scanning　three-dimensional　(3D)　telescopic　imaging　technique　based　on　self-interference　incoherent　holography　with　a　geometric　phase　lens　(GP-SIDH).　The　phase　recorded　in　the　point　spread　hologram　and　the　incoherent　self-interference　extended　holograms　are　employed　to　detect　spatial　positions,　correct　optical　aberration　and　extract　edges　by　computational　reconstruction.　The　3D　imaging　and　position　detection　performances　of　our　proposed　method　are　investigated.　Both　simulations　and　experimental　results　show　that　the　proposed　method　exhibits　better　performances　for　different　depth　objects　imaging　and　space　position　detection.　Furthermore,　this　system　can　be　easily　modularization　and　implanted　into　any　existing　optical　telescopic　system　owing　to　its　simplicity　and　convenience.　The　proposed　approach　can　be　a　powerful　tool　for　the　multi-objects　long-working-distance　imaging,　which　is　more　valuable　for　telescope　application.　©　2024