This　study　investigated　biochar　addition　to　improve　the　performance　and　stability　of　anaerobic　membrane　bioreactor　(AnMBR)　to　resist　different　oil　contents　in　food　wastewater　treatment.　Results　show　that　an　increase　in　oil　content　in　synthetic　food　wastewater　from　2　to　4　g/L　of　oleate-Na　aggravated　AnMBR　performance　in　terms　of　methane　(CH4)　production　and　membrane　fouling　as　showed　by　an　obvious　increase　in　transmembrane　pressure　(TMP).　The　reduced　performance　was　caused　by　the　accumulation　of　volatile　fatty　acids　(VFAs)　to　inhibit　the　growth　and　activity　of　Methanobacterium　in　response　to　increased　oil　content.　Nevertheless,　biochar　addition　improved　AnMBR　resistance　to　against　oil　increase.　The　dominance　of　Methanobacterium　and　their　potential　mutualism　with　genus　T78　were　enhanced　by　biochar　to　sustain　CH4　yield.　Moreover,　biochar　reduced　the　production　of　extracellular　polymeric　substance　(EPS)　to　alleviate　membrane　fouling.　©　2024　The　Authors