Gear　transmission　errors　are　influenced　by　temperature　especially　in　the　aerospace　field.　A　model　is　proposed　to　investigate　the　influence　of　temperature　on　cylindrical　gear　transmission　errors　based　on　the　thermal　network　(TETN).　The　gear　temperature　field　distribution　model　is　established　based　on　the　thermal　network　method,　and　gear　thermal　deformation　can　be　calculated　along　the　gear　meshing　line.　Regarding　the　gear　single-flank　rolling　process,　the　variation　of　gear　transmission　errors　under　temperature　is　determined.　In　numerical　calculations　in　MATLAB,　the　variation　of　gear　transmission　errors　at　100　degrees　C　compared　to　20　degrees　C　is　-4.20　mu　m,　which　decreases　almost　linearly　while　the　thermal　expansion　coefficient　of　the　gear　material　increases.　The　simulation　of　the　gear　transmission　errors　variation　of　temperatures　using　the　finite　element　method　(FEM)　were　carried　out　in　Workbench　software　under　Ansys　and　the　average　difference　of　the　TETN　model　results　between　calculations　and　FEM　for　different　temperatures　was　0.24　mu　m.　Experiments　were　carried　out　on　the　gear　tester　in　temperatures　ranging　from　0　degrees　C　to　100　degrees　C,　the　TETN　model　results　in　calculations　were　compared　with　the　results　of　the　tester,　and　the　average　difference　was　-1.15　mu　m.　The　results　show　that　the　proposed　TETN　can　be　used　as　an　algorithm　to　determine　the　variation　of　gear　transmission　errors　under　the　influence　of　temperature.