Nowadays,　with　the　continuous　development　of　industrialization,　liquid-filled　pipeline　is　the　most　representative　pipeline　transportation　system.　The　damage　forms　of　pipes　with　cracks　will　affect　the　mechanical　properties　of　reinforced　concrete　pipes　to　varying　degrees　and　make　their　properties　decline.　We　investigated　the　undamaged,　damaged　and　liquid-filled　reinforced　concrete　pipelines,　and　analyzed　the　propagation　mechanism　of　piezoelectric　sensing　signals　in　reinforced　concrete　pipelines.　When　the　ultrasonic　guided　wave　touches　the　damaged　position,　part　of　the　ultrasonic　guided　wave　will　reflect,　while　the　other　part　of　the　guided　wave　will　continue　to　propagate　through　the　damaged　position,　which　is　the　reflection　and　transmission　phenomenon　of　the　ultrasonic　guided　wave.　The　damage　assessment　of　pipeline　structure　can　be　realized　by　using　the　reflection　and　transmission　phenomenon　of　ultrasonic　guided　wave.　The　signals　of　undamaged　hollow　pipe　and　undamaged　liquid-filled　pipe　were　compared　and　compared　undamaged　signal　and　damaged　signal　in　liquid　filled　pipeline.　Based　on　pulse-echo　method,　the　influence　of　damage　on　signal　propagation　in　liquid-filled　pipeline　is　obtained.　©　The　Author(s),　under　exclusive　license　to　Springer　Nature　Switzerland　AG　2024.