With　the　extensive　use　of　a　precast　segment　column　in　the　field　of　engineering,　impact　resistance　performance　has　gradually　attracted　attention,　as　many　accidents　have　caused　huge　economic　losses　and　casualties.　This　study　explored　the　dynamic　response　and　failure　modes　of　a　prefabricated　segment　column　both　with　and　without　Carbon　Fiber-Reinforced　Polymers　(CFRPs).　Firstly,　numerical　models　of　a　precast　segment　column　and　CFRP-wrapped　steel　column　under　impact　loads　were　developed,　and　the　modeling　method＇s　accuracy　was　fully　verified.　Then,　numerical　models　of　a　bridge　precast　segment　column　with　and　without　CFRPs　under　vehicle　collision　were　established,　and　the　differences　in　the　dynamic　performances　between　the　precast　segment　column　with　and　without　CFRPs　are　explored.　Finally,　the　effects　of　impact　velocity,　concrete　strength,　and　CFRP　thickness　on　the　dynamic　performance　of　a　precast　segment　column　are　considered.　The　results　indicate　that　in　the　case　of　a　vehicle　collision,　multiple　cross-sectional　positions　form　highly　complex　stress　states.　At　100　km/h,　the　differences　in　bending　moment　and　shear　force　values　between　reinforced　and　unreinforced　precast　segment　columns　at　the　impact　section　are　7.6%　and　7.1%,　respectively.　At　this　velocity,　the　peak　impact　force　also　increases　by　15.8%　as　the　local　stiffness　of　the　precast　segment　column　increases　after　reinforcement　with　a　CFRP.　The　bottom　segment　of　the　precast　segment　column　with　a　CFRP　is　crushed,　and　the　precast　segment　column　experiences　shear　failure　under　vehicle　collision.