Microplastics　(MPs)　have　garnered　global　attention　due　to　their　widespread　presence　and　potential　harm　to　ecosystem.　Nevertheless,　the　existing　body　of　research　on　the　effects　of　MPs　on　aquatic　plants　is　insufficient.　This　paper　examines　studies　of　the　toxic　effects　of　MPs　on　freshwater　plants.　It　is　generally　accepted　that　toxicity　increases　with　increasing　concentration,　particularly　above　1　mg/L,　and　that　smaller　particles　are　more　toxic.　Also,　particles　below　1　mu　m　present　a　greater　risk,　and　prolonged　exposure　(＞10　days)　further　increases　toxicity.　However,　the　toxic　effects　tend　to　be　similar　when　the　concentration　exceeds　the　threshold　of　50　mg/L.　The　paper　additionally　addresses　the　phytoremediation　capacity　of　freshwater　plants　for　MPs,　with　a　particular　focus　on　the　mechanisms　of　action,　which　encompass　processes　such　as　adsorption　and　uptake　by　plants,　as　well　as　plant-microbe　interactions.　The　efficacy　of　the　phytoremediation　effect　was　found　to　vary　depending　on　the　specific　type　of　MPs　and　plant　species　under　consideration.　In　particular,　MPs　with　positively　charged　surfaces　and　smaller　particle　sizes　were　demonstrated　to　be　more　readily　captured　by　plants.　Future　research　should　concentrate　on　three　key　areas:　(1)　determining　the　impact　of　MPs　on　aquatic　plants　with　environmentally　relevant　endowment　features;　(2)　improving　and　standardising　methods　for　assessing　the　mechanisms　and　effects　of　phytoremediation　of　MPs;　and　(3)　developing　effective　phytoremediation　strategies　for　MPs.