Water　depth　variation　alters　lake　sediment　environments,　affecting　the　exchange　of　oxygen,　trace　elements,　and　nutrients　at　the　sediment-water　interface　(SWI).　However,　there　is　still　limited　information　on　the　in-situ　fate　of　refractory　emerging　pollutants　such　as　estrogenic　compounds　(ECs)　at　the　SWI　of　different　water　depths　in　lakes.　In　this　study,　we　integrated　active　sampling　and　diffusive　gradients　in　thin　film　(DGT)　technology　to　in-situ　investigate　the　distribution,　diffusion,　and　microbial　responses　of　estrone　(E1)　at　the　SWI　from　the　shallow-water　zone　(SZ),　transition-water　zone　(TZ),　and　deep-water　zone　(DZ)　in　a　typical　inland　lake　of　northern　China.　The　surface　sediment　of　the　DZ　accumulated　most　E1　(479.57　f　194.90　ng/kg).　In　the　vertical　profile　of　the　sediments,　for　SZ　and　TZ,　E1　concentration　in　the　sediment,　porewater,　and　DGT　fluctuated　within　a　certain　concentration　range　with　increasing　sediment　depth.　For　the　DZ,　it　exhibited　a　fluctuating　and　increasing　trend　with　increasing　depth.　Dynamic　migration　analysis　of　E1　indicated　partial　resupply　in　each　zone,　and　the　resupply　parameter　R　was　0.102　to　0.416　in　the　SZ,　0.111　to　0.384　in　the　TZ,　and　0.084　to　0.374　in　the　DZ,　respectively.　The　resupply　capacity　in　the　upper　sediment　layers　(-1　to-4　cm)　was　higher　for　the　TZ　and　DZ,　whereas　the　SZ　showed　higher　capacity　in　the　lower　layers　(-5　to-9　cm).　Based　on　the　microbial　sequencing　results,　Sulfuricurvum　(typically　present　in　microaerophilic　and　anoxic　conditions)　was　predominant　in　the　DZ　(17.99　f　15.4　%).　Achromobacter　(typical　E1-degrading　genus　distributed　in　oxic　environments)　was　more　abundant　in　the　SZ,　which　led　to　a　higher　E1　degradation　potential　in　this　zone.　The　results　of　this　study　shed　light　on　the　fate　of　E1　in　the　SWI　of　lakes　at　different　water　depths,　facilitating　a　more　precise　control　of　estrogenic　pollution　in　lake　sediments.