This　study　proposes　a　novel　multi-scale　numerical　approach　to　explore　the　mechanical　behavior　and　damage　evolution　in　nickel　(Ni)-based　superalloys　containing　various　carbide　particles.　At　the　nanoscale,　the　elastic　properties　of　two　distinct　carbides　are　determined　using　first-principles　calculations.　At　the　microscale,　finite　element　simulations　(FEM)　in　ABAQUS　are　used　to　analyze　the　stress-strain　relationship　and　local　stress　distribution　within　a　three-dimensional　representative　volume　element,　as　well　as　damage　and　fracture　behavior.　The　model　integrates　the　elastic-plastic　response　of　the　Ni　matrix,　the　elastic-brittle　fracture　of　micro-scale　carbides,　and　the　interface　behavior　between　carbide　and　matrix.　FEM　findings　are　consistent　with　tensile　test　data,　indicating　that　skeletal　carbide　promotes　plasticity　while　blocky　carbide　elevates　strength.　The　interface　between　blocky　carbide　and　matrix　is　susceptible　to　cracking.　When　the　carbide　is　oriented　at　45　degrees　to　the　load　direction,　offering　a　balance　of　strength　and　plasticity.　Stress　concentration　is　reduced　when　carbides　are　uniformly　distributed　and　present　in　high-volume　fractions.　The　damage　evolution　mechanism　of　nickel-based　superalloy　influenced　by　carbide　is　elucidated.　The　numerical　method　is　well-suited　for　a　thorough　analysis　of　the　comprehensive　behavior　of　reinforced　phase/metal-matrix　composites.