It　is　widely　known　that　porous　structure　design　is　an　important　way　to　reduce　the　weight　of　matrix　materials.　However,　there　is　still　a　lack　of　systematic　understanding　of　how　factors　such　as　the　shape,　size,　and　concentration　of　pores　affect　the　dynamic　response　of　materials.　This　study　investigated　the　elastic-plastic　behavior　and　failure　characteristics　of　nanoporous　Al　from　a　molecular　dynamics　perspective,　taking　into　account　columnar　voids　with　a　diameter　of　2-18　nm　and　two　types　of　arrangement　configurations.　The　results　show　that　all　samples　undergo　elastic　deformation　for　a　strain　range　of　∼−4%　to　5%.　In　this　range,　the　amplitude　of　temperature　and　stress　changes　with　strain　decreases　sequentially　as　the　sample　density　decreases.　The　corresponding　yield　stress　of　the　void　sample　under　compression　and　tension　is　calculated　according　to　the　virial　theorem.　During　the　compression　process,　local　plastic　deformation　and　collapse　mechanisms　of　voids　can　occur　in　low　porosity　samples,　while　strain　localization　and　slip　thickening　mechanisms　can　occur　in　the　transverse　ligaments　between　large　voids.　During　the　stretching　process,　local　plastic　deformation　and　lateral　expansion　mechanisms　of　voids　can　occur　in　low　porosity　samples,　while　strain　localization　and　necking　fracture　mechanisms　can　occur　in　the　transverse　ligaments　between　large　voids.　Finally,　the　transformation　law　of　deformation　mechanism　with　porosity　was　given　based　on　the　amount　of　plastic　deformation.　©　2024　Author(s).