With　the　development　of　space　technology,　in　situ　resource　utilization　(ISRU)　of　lunar　resources　holds　great　potential　for　constructing　lunar　bases.　This　study,　for　the　first　time,　proposes　the　in　situ　construction　of　lunar　soil　simulants-based　battery　systems.　When　novel　ilmenite　cathode　materials　are　applied　in　aqueous　aluminum-ion　batteries　(AAIBs),　a　facile　ball　milling　treatment　is　used　to　simulate　the　natural　characteristics　of　lunar-based　ilmenite　with　proper　electrochemical　performance.　The　in　situ　constructed　lunar　soil-based　batteries　demonstrated　a　practical　capacity　of　68.1　mAh　g-1　at　1.0　A　g-1　with　a　capacity　retention　rate　of　89.6%　after　100　cycles.　Even　at　a　high　current　density　of　5.0　A　g-1,　the　as-prepared　batteries　still　maintained　a　capacity　of　41.7　mAh　g-1.　This　study　provides　a　promising　energy　storage　solution　for　lunar　bases　and　promotes　sustainable　energy　technologies　through　in　situ　utilization　of　lunar　resources.