Pt-based　nanostructured　catalysts　are　the　most　promising　oxygen　reduction　catalysts　for　the　cathodes　of　proton　exchange　membrane　fuel　cells　(PEMFC)　due　to　their　high　catalytic　activity.　Electrochemical　dealloying,　with　the　advantages　of　simplicity　and　low　cost,　is　one　of　the　effective　methods　to　optimize　Pt-based　catalysts　by　modulating　the　surface　structure　of　the　catalysts　and　thus　enhancing　the　catalytic　performance.　This　review　outlined　recent　advances　in　the　application　of　electrochemical　dealloying　techniques　to　optimize　the　microstructure　of　Pt-based　catalysts.　First,　the　mechanism　of　electrochemical　dealloying　for　Pt-based　catalysts　for　oxygen　reduction　reaction　was　summarized.　Second,　the　application　of　electrochemical　dealloying　was　summarized　from　two　aspects:　the　impact　on　different　nanocatalysts　(composition,　particle　size　and　exposed　facets)　and　the　impact　of　electrochemical　dealloying　conditions　(potential,　scan　rate　and　atmosphere).　Challenges　and　opportunities　for　further　development　of　this　field　were　also　discussed.　©　2025　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.