Structure　engineering　of　carbon　nitride　via　supramolecular　self-assembly　is　an　effective　way　to　improve　the　photocatalytic　performance.　This　work　has　conducted　an　investigation　into　the　effect　of　different　amino　acids　on　the　structure　and　property　of　target　carbon　nitrides,　attempting　to　reveal　the　role　of　their　terminal　groups　on　the　supramolecular　self-assembly　behavior,　and　the　origin　of　enhanced　photocatalytic　performance,　i.e.　L-glutamic　acid　(carboxyl-termination),　L-arginine　(guanidyl-termination)　and　L-glutamine　(amide-termination).　The　experimental　results　showed　that　the　employment　of　carboxyl-/guanidyl-terminated　amino　acids　endowed　the　as-synthesized　carbon　nitrides　with　a　superior　PHE　efficiency　to　amide-terminated　amino　acid.　Based　on　the　analysis,　we　ascribed　the　enhanced　photocatalytic　performance　to　the　amidation　during　supramolecular　assembly,　leading　to　a　carbonyl　grafted,　mesopore　enriched　micro-tubular　structure　for　the　finally　synthesized　products.　This　feature　favors　the　increased　active　sites,　shortened　carriers＇　migration　paths.　Specifically,　the　optimal　amino　acid-derived　carbon　nitride　exhibited　a　10.6-fold　improvement　in　PHE　rate,　in　comparison　with　pristine　carbon　nitride.