The　post-earthquake　residual　lateral　drift　ratio　of　reinforced　concrete　(RC)　bridge　columns　significantly　affected　the　post-earthquake　traffic　functionality　of　the　RC　bridge.　This　study　investigated　the　residual　lateral　drift　ratio　of　RC　columns　with　various　cumulative　damage　under　quasi-static　cyclic　loads　and　earthquake　dynamic　loads.　To　this　end,　a　quasi-static　test　with　multi-turn　incremental　reciprocating　cycles　and　a　one-turn　cyclic　same　peak　displacement　was　conducted　to　assess　static　residual　displacement　of　RC　columns　with　various　cumulative　damage　under　quasi-static　cyclic　loads.　Test　results　showed　that　RC　columns　with　larger　cumulative　damage　exhibited　lower　unloading　stiffness　and　smaller　static　residual　displacement　compared　to　those　with　smaller　cumulative　damage　at　ultimate　displacement.　Then,　theoretical　skeleton　curves　and　unloading　rules　for　RC　columns　considering　deterioration　due　to　cumulative　damage　were　developed.　Subsequently,　the　static　residual　displacements　of　RC　columns　with　various　cumulative　damage　levels　under　different　target　loading　displacements　were　investigated　based　on　the　finite　element　(FE)　model.　Further,　the　dynamic　residual　lateral　drift　ratios　of　RC　columns　with　various　cumulative　damage　levels　under　earthquake　dynamic　loads　were　investigated,　and　the　effect　patterns　of　structural　design　parameters　on　residual　displacements　were　analyzed　using　the　incremental　dynamics　analysis　(IDA)　method.　Results　showed　that　RC　columns　with　larger　cumulative　damage　exhibited　larger　static　residual　displacements　in　the　elastic　phase　and　smaller　static　residual　displacements　in　the　plastic　phase.　The　influence　laws　of　cumulative　damage　of　RC　columns　on　dynamic　residual　displacements　were　inconsistent:　for　asymmetric　ground　motions,　nonpulse-like　ground　motions　resulted　in　larger　residual　lateral　drift　ratios,　while　for　symmetric　ground　motions,　near-fault　pulse-like　ground　motions　led　to　greater　residual　lateral　drift　ratios.　©　2025　Elsevier　Ltd