To　improve　the　comprehensive　performance　of　the　key　basic　part　column　of　the　machine　tool,　the　vibration　and　noise　test　and　analysis　system　was　used　to　conduct　impact　testing　experiments　on　a　certain　machine　tool　column　in　different　directions　to　obtain　precise　modal　parameters.　Based　on　the　analysis　of　the　experimental　results,　Abaqus　software　was　utilized　to　perform　the　multi-objective　topology　optimization　analysis　of　the　columns　for　rib　layout.　Based　on　the　analysis　results,　the　new　plate　layout　of　the　column　was　modified　and　reconstructed.　The　finite　element　analysis　comparison　of　the　columns　before　and　after　optimization　shows　that　the　mass　is　reduced　by　10.09%,　the　maximum　deformation　decreases　by　5%,　and　the　natural　frequency　is　also　improved　to　a　certain　extent.　The　optimization　results　indicate　that　the　engineering　material　used　in　the　column　is　saved　and　the　dynamic　and　static　performance　is　improved.　©　2025　Beijing　University　of　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.