In　this　study,　three　rolling　processes-unidirectional　rolling　(UDR),　multi-step　bidirectional　rolling　(MSBR),　and　multi-step　cross　rolling　(MSCR)-were　designed　to　process　TA1　pure　titanium　sheets　with　different　microstructures　and　textures.　The　effects　of　microstructure　and　texture　on　mechanical　properties　and　deformation　mechanism　under　different　rolling　processes　are　discussed.　The　results　show　that　the　average　grain　size,　GND　density　and　hardness　of　the　three　samples　are　basically　the　same,　but　their　microstructure　and　texture　have　significant　differences.　The　specific　crystallographic　characteristics　of　the　material　caused　by　the　microstructure　and　texture　affect　its　activity　by　influencing　the　Schmidt　factor　(SF)　of　the　slip　system,　and　will　change　significantly　with　different　rolling　processes,　resulting　in　different　strength.　In　the　yield　and　plastic　stages,　prismatic　slip　is　dominant.　The　MSBR　sample　exhibited　the　highest　yield　strength　due　to　its　excessive　hard-oriented　grains　and　a　lower　prismatic　SF,　which　impedes　dislocation　slip　through　grain　boundaries.　The　UDR　sample　exhibited　the　highest　tensile　strength,　which　is　attributed　to　its　higher　prismatic　slip　SF　that　facilitates　dislocation　slip,　and　the　appearance　of　multi-system　slip　and　cross　slip　forms　the　network　structure,　effectively　coordinating　plastic　deformation　and　promoting　dislocation　multiplication,　leading　to　an　increase　in　strength.　The　slip　characteristics,　including　slip　SF,　morphology,　and　number,　caused　by　changes　of　microstructure　and　texture,　had　a　completely　different　effect　on　the　strain　hardening　behavior　and　caused　differences　in　the　mechanical　properties.