Silicon　anode　materials　have　very　high　theoretical　specific　capacity,　hence　become　promising　replacement　for　anode　material　of　lithium-ion　batteries.　However,　during　charging　and　discharging,　silicon　anode　materials　suffer　big　volume　deformation　that　may　cause　destruction　and　failure　of　the　active　material.　This　seriously　affects　the　electrochemical　cycle　performance,　and　restricts　wide　applications　in　the　field　of　lithium-ion　batteries.　In　this　paper,　we　introduce　silicon　anode　materials　of　different　structure　form,　and　the　degradation　mechanism　of　the　electrochemical　properties　during　charging　and　discharging.　We　summarize　the　latest　international　research　progress　in　mechanical　properties　evolution　of　charging　and　discharging　process,　the　related　theoretical　analysis,　numerical　simulations,　and　prospects　for　research　emphasis　of　the　mechanical　failure　in　silicon　anode　materials.