The　recycling　utilization　of　solid　waste　is　an　important　technical　means　for　the　sustainable　development　of　the　cement　industry　in　China.　Calcium　carbide　slag　is　a　special　solid　waste　in　China,　which　can　be　used　for　cement　production　with　a　great　advantage　on　CO2　emission　reduction.　With　an　view　to　providing　methodological　and　data　support　for　the　development　of　policies　in　the　cement　industry,　this　paper　quantitatively　analyzes　the　environmental　effects/environmental　benefits　of　the　comprehensive　utilization　of　calcium　carbide　slag　in　cement　kiln　by　comparing　the　traditional　system　of　Portland　cement　clinker　completely　produced　by　natural　resources　with　the　system　of　cement　clinker　produced　by　calcium　carbide　slag　based　on　the　life　cycle　assessment　(LCA)　method　given　in　standards　and　specifications　of　ISO　14040　series.　The　results　show　that　the　latter　system　has　a　better　effect　in　material　saving　and　carbon　emission　reduction,　will　increase　the　energy　consumption　in　cement　production　process,　and　also　slightly　increase　other　pollutants　(e.g.　SOx,　NOx,　etc.)　emission.　The　GWP,　AP　and　EP　indicators　of　the　calcium　carbide　slag　cement　clinker　system　decrease　compared　with　those　of　the　Portland　cement　clinker　system,　while　other　indicators　do　not　differ　much　or　even　slightly　increase.　©　2020　Trans　Tech　Publications　Ltd,　Switzerland.