Abstract ：

在平面波超软赝势密度泛函计算之上研究了LaPO

Keyword ：

g-C 光催化材料 光电子学 异质结

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Abstract ：

Osteosarcopenia the concurrent deterioration of bone (osteoporosis) and muscle (sarcopenia) represents a critical yet understudied geriatric syndrome that synergistically amplifies frailty, fractures, and loss of independence in aging populations. This dual pathology imposes a staggering socioeconomic burden through increased disability, prolonged hospitalization, and elevated mortality. Despite its clinical urgency, therapeutic advances remain stagnant, as current interventions e.g., bisphosphonates, vitamin D supplementation are palliative and fail to address the shared molecular drivers of bone-muscle crosstalk. Emerging evidence implicates cellular senescence and epigenetic dysregulation as convergent mechanisms driving osteosarcopenia. Senescent osteocytes, burdened by oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines e.g., IL-6, TNF-alpha and matrix-degrading enzymes (e.g., MMPs) via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which erodes bone integrity and propagates muscle atrophy. Simultaneously, epigenetic alterations DNA hypermethylation of osteogenic genes RUNX2, histone deacetylation repressing myogenesis MYOD1, and dysregulated non-coding RNAs (miR-133, miR-214) lock musculoskeletal tissues into a degenerative state. These processes are exacerbated by age-related inflammaging and metabolic disturbances e.g., NAD+ depletion, which amplify oxidative stress and chromatin instability. The synergy between senescence and epigenetics in perpetuating osteosarcopenia remains poorly defined. Most preclinical models overlook comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, chronic inflammation) that accelerate musculoskeletal decline. Current therapies senolytics, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors lack tissue specificity and exhibit pleiotropic effects. This review addresses these gaps by synthesizing cutting-edge insights into the senescenceepigenetics axis as a unifying driver of osteosarcopenia. By elucidating how SASP factors (e.g., myostatin) and epigenetic reprogramming e.g., sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) hypermethylation disrupt bone-muscle crosstalk, we propose novel strategies to break the self-sustaining cycle of tissue degeneration. We highlight the promise of precision geroscience leveraging CRISPR-engineered organoids, multi-omics profiling, and AI-driven biomarkers to decode tissue-specific vulnerabilities and design dual-target therapies e.g., senolytics ++ bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors.

Keyword ：

Epigenetic Remodeling Osteosarcopenia Senolytics SASP Oxidative Stress Osteocyte Senescence Bone-Muscle Crosstalk Non-Coding RNAs DNA Methylation Mitochondrial Dysfunction

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Sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges (SCCSBs) serve as critical transport links, yet they inevitably cross active seismic coastal zones, presenting significant challenges to their serviceability and safety. Tuned viscous mass dampers (TVMDs), which integrate mass amplification and energy dissipation capabilities, have shown promising potential for controlling structural vibrations under seismic excitation. This study introduces TVMDs into the seismic protection of SCCSBs, culminating in an integrated SCCSB-TVMD system. The effectiveness of this system in improving seismic performance is systematically evaluated. Specifically, a refined finite element (FE) model is developed in OpenSees, incorporating both soil-and seawater-structure interactions. The seismic responses of the SCCSB-TVMD system are analyzed under stochastically generated offshore multi-support ground motions. A parametric sensitivity study is then conducted to evaluate the influences of key TVMD design parameters. Finally, a fragility-oriented optimization is conducted to determine the optimal TVMD parameter combinations within a performance-based earthquake engineering framework. Numerical results demonstrate that the incorporation of TVMDs could effectively reduce the critical seismic responses of SCCSB, with mitigation effects becoming more pronounced as earthquake intensity increases. The seismic control performance of the TVMDs is highly sensitive to their design parameters, with the mass ratio and tuning frequency exerting greater influence than damping ratio. Moreover, different parameter combinations of TVMD significantly affect both the critical components and system fragilities of SCCSBs, with optimal configurations varying across components. In summary, this study proposes a novel damping strategy for performance-based seismic protection of SCCSBs and offers valuable insights for the seismic protection of large-span offshore bridge systems.

Keyword ：

Seismic performance Optimum design Tuned viscous mass damper Sea-crossing cable-stayed bridges Fragility

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This paper presents a systematic experimental investigation into the undrained response of saturated Fujian sand and calcareous sand under various loading frequencies. Based on dilatancy and contraction characteristics, the cyclic shear process is divided into three distinct periods: the shearing contractive period, the initial shearing dilative period, and the late shearing dilative period. Special emphasis is placed on the shear strain and pore pressure behavior of saturated sand under transient dynamic shear stress during each period, with analysis focused on their interrelationships and time-dependent evolution. The results demonstrate that loading frequency exerts minimal influence on the stress-strain behavior of saturated sand during the shearing contractive period. However, once the sample enters the initial shearing dilative period, loading frequency begins to play a more influential role in dilatancy response. This effect becomes most pronounced in the late shearing dilative period. Under low-frequency loading, significant dilatancy and deformation accumulation are promoted, thereby elevating the risk of deformation-induced instability. In contrast, high-frequency loading suppresses deformation accumulation, with the associated liquefaction risk primarily linked to strength instability.

Keyword ：

Transient properties Saturated sand Liquefaction Flow deformation

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Identifying earthquake ground motion from structural responses is a critical research topic, yet existing methods often require multiple contacting physical sensors for measurement. This paper presents a computer vision-based approach to identify earthquake ground motions exclusively from video data of building vibrations during seismic events. The approach includes an automatic vision-based displacement monitoring algorithm, which performs circular target detection, camera self-calibration based on scale factor, and sparse optical flow tracking. Based on the measured displacement responses of multi-story buildings under seismic loads, we derive a set of equations using Duhamel's integral to identify ground motion displacements, velocities, and accelerations. Shaking table tests on a five-story shear building model are conducted under multiple excitations, including sine wave, white noise, and six types of seismic inputs. The proposed method accurately monitors structural displacement, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) ranging from 0.17 mm to 1.51 mm when compared to laser displacement sensors. The modal parameters identified by the vision system closely match those obtained from accelerometers, with a maximum frequency deviation of 1.08 % and modal assurance criterion (MAC) values above 0.994. The identified ground motion accelerations and displacements also exhibit strong agreement with reference sensor data. Furthermore, the effects of video resolution and frame rate on identification accuracy are systematically evaluated. Given the widespread availability of cameras in urban environments, this proposed approach offers a low-cost, non-contact solution for enhancing the post-earthquake resilience of built infrastructure.

Keyword ：

Computer vision Ground motions identification Earthquake engineering Displacement monitoring Structural health monitoring

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This work studies the effects of cold rolling on the evolution of nanoscale precipitates and associated strengthening in the precipitation hardenable Custom 455 stainless steel during aging at 480 degrees C by atom probe tomography, transmission electron microscope, and mechanical property testing techniques. The quantitative and correlative analyses of how cold deformation-induced dislocation structure affected the nucleation, morphology, and composition of Cu-rich precipitates and other phase precipitates in Custom 455 during aging were achieved for the first time by comparing the steel samples with and without cold rolling. The results showed that the cold rolling by 75 % deformation enhanced the level of response to age hardening at a shorter time, giving rise to a peak value of yield strength of 1790 MPa and a fairly high elongation (EL) of 6.6 %, which is 120 MPa higher than the standard value of 1670 MPa for the Custom 455 stainless steel used in industry. In comparison with the solution-treated sample, the cold-rolled sample had a higher number density of spherical Cu-rich and Cu/Ni/Ti/Si clusters when aged for 5 min, due to the introduction of a high density of dislocations and other defects by cold rolling that served as nucleation sites for the Cu-rich and Ni/Ti/Si-rich clusters. With increasing aging time to 0.5 h, the Cu-rich precipitates and Ni3Ti phase precipitates grew larger, showing the highest number density of precipitates during the aging process, and the G phase particles were formed. After being aged for 4 h, the sizes of Cu-rich precipitates, Ni3Ti phase, and G phase particles increased for both the solution-treated and cold-rolled samples, while their number densities decreased. The orientation relationship between the three precipitates and the matrix obeys: (111)Cu//(0004)Ni3Ti //(022)G //(011)M and [011]Cu //[ 1 2 10]Ni3Ti //[100]G //[100]M . (c) 2025 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.

Keyword ：

Ni3Ti phase G-phase Cu-rich precipitates Atom probe tomography Cold rolling deformation

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Thin-walled multi-rib structures are widely used in high-end manufacturing sectors such as aerospace and defense equipment due to their high strength-to-weight ratio. However, traditional manufacturing methods face challenges including prolonged processing cycles and low material utilization. Arc-based directed energy deposition (DED-Arc) technology, characterized by its high efficiency and flexibility, offers a novel approach for the rapid fabrication of thin-walled multi-rib structures. This study focuses on high-ribbed panels in thin-walled multi-rib structures, analyzing their common structural characteristics and proposing a unified path planning method based on an interlocking topology matrix. A standardized topological matrix data structure was developed to describe the medial-axis nodes and topological relationships of high-ribbed panels. A unified path search algorithm was designed based on the topological matrix, employing an alternating search strategy (X-direction for odd layers and Y-direction for even layers) to generate continuous deposition paths. By strategically offsetting the printing contours between adjacent layers, the method achieves topological dispersion and mutual interlocking of weak points across sliced layers. The cross-regions were specifically optimized to ensure overlap-free deposition paths and rational distribution of arc ignition/extinction positions, effectively reducing the number of arc ignition/extinction and improving forming quality. Deposition experiments on four typical thin-walled multi-rib structures demonstrated that the interlocking path planning method significantly enhances surface quality by mitigating height differences at arc ignition/extinction points and improving overlap at intersections., while maintaining overall height errors within 3 mm. The results demonstrate that the proposed method improves manufacturing efficiency and forming quality, supporting DED-Arc applications in lightweight structures.

Keyword ：

Thin-walled multi-rib structures Path planning DED-Arc Interlocking path Topological matrix

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Probiotic stabilization and delivery remain major challenges in gut microbiota modulation. Alginate-based hydrogels have shown great potential for encapsulating probiotics due to their biocompatibility, ease of preparation and controlled release properties. However, single-component alginate hydrogels often lack the necessary mechanical strength and release dynamics required to maintain probiotic viability. Additionally, their metabolic fate in the gut, including interaction with the gut microbiota, and variations in degradation across populations-the healthy, the obese and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients-are poorly understood. In this study, we modified alginate hydrogels with konjac glucomannan (KGM) to enhance properties. We evaluated these KGM-modified hydrogels in terms of digestion, intestinal release of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), and degradation following fermentation with fecal microbiota from healthy individuals, obese individuals, and IBD patients. The results demonstrated that KGM incorporation significantly improved EcN encapsulation efficiency (98.77–104.21 %) and gastric survival (EcN@AGK4 and EcN@AK series >90 %). Notably, the morphology of the hydrogels remained stable after passing through the gastrointestinal tract. Following in vitro fermentation, the hydrogels underwent considerable degradation, with the degradation capacity ranked as: the healthy (1.72–69.09 % residual) > obese individuals (3.45–67.82 % residual) > IBD microbiota (113.79–163.79 % residual). This differential degradation was further supported by shifts in gut microbiota composition, especially the enrichment of Bacteroides and microbial metabolites. These findings suggest that KGM-modified alginate hydrogels used for probiotic delivery are metabolized by microbiota, with degradation varying across populations, underscoring the need for specific probiotic delivery strategies tailored to customized microbiota profiles. © 2025

Keyword ：

Probiotic delivery Konjac glucomannan In vitro fermentation Alginate hydrogels

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Nonlinearity in vibrating systems can lead to complex vibration phenomena such as internal resonance and mode coupling, significantly influencing dynamic behavior. For better vibration suppression effect, the analysis of vibration characteristics of nonlinear structures and their vibration control methods is of great academic value and engineering significance. This paper proposes a coupled nonlinear mode strategy based on the integration of normal form theory and nonlinear complex mode theory, enabling the characterization of internal resonance in nonlinear systems. The method resolves modal interactions and response features in systems exhibiting internal resonance. Nonlinear modal parameters are extracted to investigate coupling mechanisms between internally resonant modes, with emphasis on energy transfer phenomena across these modes. Vibration control strategies for nonlinear systems with internal resonance are further explored using modal space control techniques. Numerical simulations validate the efficacy of the proposed vibration analysis and control methods. Additionally, a nonlinear modal confidence criterion is introduced to elucidate vibration transmission mechanisms between coupled modes in internally resonant systems. The application of the proposed strategy demonstrates robust vibration suppression across diverse conditions, highlighting its potential for controlling nonlinear structures. © 2025

Keyword ：

Normal form theory Nonlinear modal confidence criterion Internal resonance Modal space control

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Highly effective piezoelectric hardening is crucial for high-power device applications. In this work, we introduce a novel piezoelectric hardening approach that synergistically combines oxygen vacancies with precipitates for achieving strong pinning of ferroelectric domain walls. In Mn-doped 0.2Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.8Pb(Zr0.5Ti0.5)O3 (Mn-doped PZN–PZT) ceramic, the substitution of Mn3 + for Ti4+ or Zr4+ results in an acceptor doping hardening, whereas the substitution of Mn2+ for Zn2+ leads to the formation of ZnO precipitates, leading to a precipitation hardening. Highly effective piezoelectric hardening via oxygen vacancies and ZnO precipitates in 0.9 wt% MnCO3-doped PZN–PZT sample is realized, where the mechanical quality factor ( Q m) and maximum vibration velocity ( v max) represent 10 times and 1.2 times increase, compared to the undoped samples. Moreover, the synergistic strategy of integrating oxygen vacancies with ZnO precipitates can significantly enhance the stability of Q m, offering substantial potential for the design of high-power piezoelectric ceramics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.

Keyword ：

PZT Precipitate Oxygen vacancy Piezoceramic High-power application

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