Ultrafast　laser　filamentation　is　an　attractive　nonlinear　phenomenon　as　a　consequence　of　dynamic　balance　between　Kerr　self-focusing　and　defocusing　effect　in　the　electron　plasma　generated　through　the　ionization　process.　Achieving　the　regulation　of　the　non-diffractive　ultra-long　transmission　will　play　an　important　role　in　the　development　of　novel　ultrafast　laser　material　processing　technology.　In　this　paper,　the　investigation　on　the　research　of　ultrafast　laser　industrial　application　based　on　filamentation　was　introduced.　From　the　physical　feature,　basic　mechanism　and　characteristic　advantages　of　filamentation　effects,　the　representative　research　achievements　on　the　laser　applications　of　filamentary　propagation　induced　by　gas,　liquid　and　solid　different　media　were　presented.　The　development　problem　and　prospect　of　the　technique　were　also　considered　and　discussed.　©　2017,　Editorial　Office　of　Opto-Electronic　Engineering.　All　right　reserved.