BaCO3/C　composites　were　synthesized　by　a　multi-component　co-assembly　method　combined　with　a　carbonization　process　using　phenolic　resol　as　carbon　source,　barium　nitrate　as　barium　precursor,　and　triblock　copolymer　Pluronic　F127　as　template.　The　synthesized　materials　were　characterized　by　X-ray　diffraction,　transmission　electron　microscopy,　N-2　physical　adsorption,　thermogravimetric　analysis,　and　temperature-programmed　desorption　of　CO2.　When　BaCO3　contents　were　increased　from　9.1　wt%　to　44.7　wt%,　pore　size　increased　from　3.1　to　4.3　nm　and　the　BET　(Brunauer-Emmett-Teller)　surface　area　initially　increased　to　a　maximum　value　of　390　m(2)　g(-1)　(at　a　BaCO3　content　of　18.5　wt%)　before　subsequently　decreasing.　BaCO3　was　well　dispersed　in　the　amorphous　carbon　framework,　and　no　phase　separation　was　observed.　The　mesoporous　Ba-CO3/C　composites　exhibited　high　catalytic　activities　toward　the　transesterification　of　glycerol　and　dimethyl　carbonate　into　glycerol　carbonate.　A　glycerol　conversion　of　97.8%　and　a　glycerol　carbonate　selectivity　of　98.5%　were　obtained　under　the　optimized　reaction　conditions.