In　this　paper,　a　new　method　was　proposed　to　improve　the　mechanical　strength　and　flux　of　polyacrylonitrile　(PAN)-based　membrane　by　a　single-side　hydrolysis　of　hollow　fiber　PAN　substrate　membrane.　A　non-water　miscible　solvent　of　cyclohexane　was　firstly　incorporated　into　membrane　pores　to　form　cyclohexane-impregnated　hollow　fiber　PAN　membrane　by　stepwise　solvent　replacement　method.　Alkaline　aqueous　solution　was　then　fed　into　lumen　side　to　introduce　interfacial　hydrolysis　reaction　on　the　inner　surface　of　hollow　fiber　by　using　the　cyclohexane/water　phase　interface.　After　the　reaction,　the　cyclohexane　incorporated　was　displaced　by　water　to　remain　the　pore　pathway.　The　ATR-FTIR　and　EDX　analyses　confirmed　that　the　alkaline　hydrolysis　did　not　occur　in　the　membrane　pores.　SEM　and　AFM　were　also　conducted　to　further　understand　the　microtopographical　changes　on　membrane　surfaces.　During　the　assembly　of　PAN-based　polyelectrolyte　pervaporation　composite　membranes,　both　flux　and　mechanical　strength　was　highly　improved　by　using　single-side　hydrolysis　of　PAN　substrate　membrane　while　the　selectivity　was　still　kept　at　a　relatively　high　level.　(c)　2010　Elsevier　B.V.　All　rights　reserved.