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With a steady temperature increase under high vacuum (HV) in an environmental scanning electronic microscope, we observed charge-free characterization and fine secondary electron (SE) images in focus for insulating ceramics (alumina (Al2O3), aluminum nitride (AlN), pure magnesium silicate (Mg2SiO4)). The sample current I-sc increased from -8.18 x 10(-13) to 2.76 x 10(-7) A for Al2O3 and -9.28 x 10(-12) to 2.77 x 10(-6) A for AlN with the temperature increased from 298 to 633 K. The surface conductance sigma increased from 5.6 x 10(-13) to 5.0 x 10(-11)/Omega for Al2O3 and 1.1 x 10(-12) to 1.0 x 10(-7)/Omega for AlN with the temperature increased from 363 to 593 K. The SE image contrast obtained via heating approach in high vacuum with an Everhart-Thornley SE-detector was better than that via conventional approach of electron-ion neutralization in low vacuum (LV) with a gaseous SE-detector. The differences of compensation temperatures for charge effects indicate dielectric and thermal properties, and band structures of insulators. The charge compensation mechanisms of heating approach mainly relate to accelerated release of trapped electrons on insulating surface and to increase of electron emission yield by heating. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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ULTRAMICROSCOPY
ISSN: 0304-3991
Year: 2009
Issue: 11
Volume: 109
Page: 1326-1332
2 . 2 0 0
JCR@2022
ESI Discipline: CHEMISTRY;
JCR Journal Grade:2
CAS Journal Grade:1
Cited Count:
WoS CC Cited Count: 5
SCOPUS Cited Count: 6
ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
WanFang Cited Count:
Chinese Cited Count:
30 Days PV: 5
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